At least 12 people were killed and nine injured on Tuesday evening when gunmen opened fire at an informal settlement in Cleveland, east of Johannesburg, police said on Wednesday.
Police said in a statement that they had launched a manhunt for more than 10 suspects following the attack at the Jumpers informal settlement.
The motive for the attack is not known.
Police said the suspects arrived in a white Toyota Quantum, entered the settlement from two access points and opened fire at multiple locations before fleeing in the same vehicle.
South Africa has one of the world's highest murder rates, averaging about 60 a day.

Major quake hits southern Japan, workers missing after mall blast
Trump cites 'good' talks on Iran, reiterates threat to hit targets
White House calls Trump's meeting with Netanyahu 'positive'
Trump, Zelenskyy discussed Patriot deal before funeral of Ukraine ally
France braces for fourth major heatwave, Macron calls situation 'severe'
India's top court orders no coercive action against youth protesters
Trump says US and Tehran having 'good, friendly talks'
Israel to allow international force into Gaza, Israeli official says
